ABSTRACT
With the rapid development of information technologies and change of production method and life style,the visual health crisis has become a public health endangering the sustainable development of the economic society and national security,which shall be concerned and tackled by all levels of the society.Under the background of fully playing the role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in preventive treatment,coping with the visual health crisis and satisfying the social needs for vision care,healthcare eye pad manufacturers with fairly scale have been emerged in China.However,there are no technical standards for healthcare eye pad products that are applicable for the whole country to standardize the production behaviors of the enterprises and protect the interests of the consumers.This research proposed the design and description for two technical standards of general requirements and inspection methods,as well as the vision on standards to be concerned and prepared by the eye healthcare industry in the future on the basis of analyses made for the contents and key indicators of the self-declared standards of the healthcare eye pad manufacturers.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the indications of temporary cardiac pacing during perioperative period of non-cardiac operations.Methods Temporary cardiac pacemakers were installed preoperatively in 102 patients with bradyarrhythmia.The patients were divided into paced and no-paced groups according to the ECG monitoring during perioperative period.Clinical data were compared between the two groups.Results Totally 37 patients needed pacing during perioperative period.They were older than the no-paced patients [(61?17)y vs(52?14)y,t=2.885,P=0.005].In the paced group,more patients had history of myocardial infarction [54%(20/37)vs 14%(9/65),?2=18.733,P=0.000],cardiomyopathy [8%(3/37)vs 0%(0/65),P=0.045],and syncope [11%(4/37)vs 0%(0/65),P=0.030],abnormal findings in Holter [97%(36/37)vs 48%(31/65),?2=25.741,P=0.000] and UCG [97%(36/37)vs 45%(29/65),?2=26.076,P=0.000].Conclusions Temporary cardiac pacemaker can enhance the perioperative safety and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular complications in patients with bradyarrhythmia.Overall assessments of clinical setting were needed before implantation.The indications for temporary cardiac pacing include bradyarrhythmia with myocardium disorder,which is confirmed by UCG,advanced age,as well as history of syncope.Positive result of atropine test is not one of the significant indications.